Appendix B — Notation and symbols

Symbol	Meaning
\(\Omega\)	Fluid domain
\(\partial\Omega\)	Domain boundary
\(\mathbf u\)	Velocity vector
\(p\)	Pressure
\(\rho\)	Fluid density
\(\mu\)	Dynamic viscosity
\(\nu=\mu/\rho\)	Kinematic viscosity
\(\mathbf f\)	Body force per unit volume in the stated momentum equation
\(\mathbf v, q\)	Velocity and pressure test functions
\(V, Q\)	Continuous velocity and pressure spaces
\(V_h, Q_h\)	Discrete finite-element spaces
\(h\)	Characteristic mesh length
\(\Delta t\)	Time increment
\(\mathrm{Re}\)	Reynolds number

Convention note: Pressure, forcing, residual signs, and divergence operators may have alternate but consistent conventions in other references. State the convention before comparing block matrices.